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Trance-0
2025-12-01 11:49:43 -06:00
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3 changed files with 222 additions and 4 deletions

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@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# Math4201 Topology I (Lecture 37)
## Countable Axioms and Separation Axioms
### Continue on Normal spaces
#### Proposition of normal spaces
A topological space $X$ is normal if and only if for all $A\subseteq U$ closed and $U$ is open in $X$, there exists $V$ open such that $A\subseteq V\subseteq \overline{V}\subseteq U$.
#### Urysohn lemma
Let $X$ be a normal space, $A,B$ be two closed and disjoint set in $X$, then there exists continuous function $f:X\to[0,1]$ such that $f(A)=\{0\}$ and $f(B)=\{1\}$.
We say $f$ separates $A$ and $B$.
> [!NOTE]
>
> We could replace $1,0$ to any $a<b$
<details>
<summary>Proof</summary>
Step 1:
Consider the rationals in $[0,1]$. Let $P=[0,1]\cap \mathbb{Q}$. This set is countable.
First we want to prove that there exists a set of open sets $\{U_p\}_{p\in P}$ such that if $p<q$, then $\overline{U_p}\subseteq U_q$. ($U_p$ is open in $X$.)
We prove the claim using countable induction.
Define $U_1=X-B$, since $B$ is closed in $A,B$ are disjoint, $A\subseteq U_1$.
Since $X$ is normal, then there exists $U_0$ such that $A\subseteq U_0\subseteq \overline{U_0}\subseteq X$.
By induction step, for each $p\in P$, we have $U_0,U_1,\cdots,U_{p_n}$ such that if $p<q$, then $\overline{U_p}\subseteq U_q$.
Choose $U_{p_{n+1}}$ as follows:
$\exists p,q\in P_n\coloneqq\{1,0,p_3,\ldots,p_n\}$ and $p_{n+1}\in (p,q)$
$\exists U_{p_{n+1}}$ such that $\overline{U_p}\subseteq U_{p_{n+1}}\subseteq \overline{U_{p_{n+1}}}\subseteq U_q$ by normality of $X$.
This constructs the set satisfying the claim.
Step 2:
We can extend from $P$ to any rationals $\mathbb{Q}$.
We set $\forall p<0$, $U_p=\emptyset$ and $\forall p>1$, $U_p=X$.
Otherwise we use the $p$ in $P$.
Step 3:
$\forall x\in X$, set $\mathbb{Q}(x)=\{p\in \mathbb{Q}:x\in U_p\}\subseteq [0,\infty)$.
This function has a lower bound and $f(x)=\inf\mathbb{Q}(x)$.
Observe that $A\subseteq U_p,\forall p$ and $f(A)=\inf(0,\infty)=\{0\}$.
$\forall b\in B$, $b\in U_p$ if and only if $p>1$, so $f(b)=\inf(1,\infty)=1$.
Suppose $x\in \overline{U_r}$, then $x\in U_s,\forall s<r$, this implies that $f(x)\leq r$.
Suppose $x\notin \overline{U_r}$, then $x\notin U_s,\forall s<r$, this implies that $f(x)\geq r$.
If $x\in \overline{U_q}-U_p$, then $f(x)\in [p,q]$, $\exists p<q$.
To show continuity of $f(x)$.
Let $x_0\in X$ of $f(x_0)\in (c,d)$,
our goal is to show that there exists open $U\subseteq X$ a neighborhood of $x_0\in U$ such that $f(U)\in (c,d)$.
Choose $p,q\in \mathbb{Q}$ such that $c<p<f(x_0)<q<d$.
By our construction, $x_0\in \overline{U_q}-U_p$, and $f(\overline{U_q}-U_p)\subseteq [p,q]\subset (c,d)$.
</details>

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@@ -40,4 +40,5 @@ export default {
Math4201_L34: "Topology I (Lecture 34)", Math4201_L34: "Topology I (Lecture 34)",
Math4201_L35: "Topology I (Lecture 35)", Math4201_L35: "Topology I (Lecture 35)",
Math4201_L36: "Topology I (Lecture 36)", Math4201_L36: "Topology I (Lecture 36)",
Math4201_L37: "Topology I (Lecture 37)",
} }

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@@ -74,15 +74,84 @@ http {
deny all; deny all;
} }
location ~ ^/Math(.*)$ { # Course-specific prefix
proxy_pass http://notenextra-math/Math$1; location ^~ /Math3200/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_pass https://notenextra-math3200.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math3200.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math3200.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
} }
location ^~ /Math429/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math429.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math429.pages.dev;
# Course-specific prefix proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math429.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /Math4111/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math4111.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math4111.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math4111.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /Math4121/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math4121.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math4121.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math4121.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /Math4201/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math4201.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math4201.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math4201.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /Math416/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math416.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math416.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math416.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /Math401/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-math401.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-math401.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-math401.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE332S/ { location ^~ /CSE332S/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse332s.pages.dev; proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse332s.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse332s.pages.dev; proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse332s.pages.dev;
@@ -94,6 +163,72 @@ http {
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
} }
location ^~ /CSE347/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse347.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse347.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse347.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE442T/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse442t.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse442t.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse442t.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE5313/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse5313.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse5313.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse5313.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE510/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse510.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse510.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse510.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE559A/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse559a.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse559a.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse559a.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location ^~ /CSE5519/ {
proxy_pass https://notenextra-cse5519.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header Host notenextra-cse5519.pages.dev;
proxy_ssl_server_name on;
proxy_ssl_name notenextra-cse5519.pages.dev;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
# Everything else # Everything else
location / { location / {
@@ -107,5 +242,7 @@ http {
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
} }
access_log /www/wwwlogs/test.trance-0.com.log;
error_log /www/wwwlogs/test.trance-0.com.error.log;
} }
} }