diff --git a/content/Math4202/Exam_reviews/Math4202_E1.md b/content/Math4202/Exam_reviews/Math4202_E1.md index f5bfd97..e9ef47f 100644 --- a/content/Math4202/Exam_reviews/Math4202_E1.md +++ b/content/Math4202/Exam_reviews/Math4202_E1.md @@ -191,6 +191,12 @@ $$ ### Covering space +#### Definition of partition into slice + +Let $p:E\to B$ be a continuous surjective map. The open set $U\subseteq B$ is said to be evenly covered by $p$ if it's inverse image $p^{-1}(U)$ can be written as the union of **disjoint open sets** $V_\alpha$ in $E$. Such that for each $\alpha$, the restriction of $p$ to $V_\alpha$ is a homeomorphism of $V_\alpha$ onto $U$. + +The collection of $\{V_\alpha\}$ is called a **partition** $p^{-1}(U)$ into slice. + #### Definition of covering space Let $p:E\to B$ be a continuous surjective map. @@ -225,3 +231,7 @@ Recall from previous lecture, we have unique lift for covering map. Let $p: E\to B$ be a covering map, and $e_0\in E$ and $p(e_0)=b_0$. Any path $f:I\to B$ beginning at $b_0$, has a unique lifting to a path starting at $e_0$. Back to the circle example, it means that there exists a unique correspondence between a loop starting at $(1,0)$ in $S^1$ and a path in $\mathbb{R}$ starting at $0$, ending in $\mathbb{Z}$. + +#### Theorem for induced homotopy for fundamental groups + +Suppose $f,g$ are two paths in $B$, and suppose $f$ and $g$ are path homotopy ($f(0)=g(0)=b_0$, and $f(1)=g(1)=b_1$, $b_0,b_1\in B$), then $\hat{f}:\pi_1(B,b_0)\to \pi_1(B,b_1)$ and $\hat{g}:\pi_1(B,b_0)\to \pi_1(B,b_1)$ are path homotopic. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Math4202/Math4202_L10.md b/content/Math4202/Math4202_L10.md index 49fa9c8..0475678 100644 --- a/content/Math4202/Math4202_L10.md +++ b/content/Math4202/Math4202_L10.md @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ $\bar{f}_t=\bar{f}(1-ts)$ $s\in[\frac{1}{2},1]$. > [!CAUTION] > -> Homeomorphism does not implies homotopy automatically. +> Homeomorphism does not implies homotopy automatically. Homeomorphism doesn’t force a homotopy between that map and the identity (or between two given homeomorphisms). #### Definition for the fundamental group diff --git a/content/Math4202/Math4202_L4.md b/content/Math4202/Math4202_L4.md index 9ab0a69..d541f6f 100644 --- a/content/Math4202/Math4202_L4.md +++ b/content/Math4202/Math4202_L4.md @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ An $m$-dimensional **manifold** is a topological space $X$ that is > Try to find some example that satisfies some of the properties above but not a manifold. 1. Non-Hausdorff + - Real line with two origin, as discussed in homework problem 2. Non-countable basis - Consider $\mathbb{R}^\delta$ where the set is $\mathbb{R}$ with discrete topology. The basis must include all singleton sets in $\mathbb{R}$ therefore $\mathbb{R}^\delta$ is not second countable. 3. Non-local euclidean